Hyperpigmentation vs. Melasma: Causes, differences, and treatment options
July is Hyperpigmentation and Melasma Awareness Month, making it an excellent time to learn about two of the most common causes of uneven skin tone. Although hyperpigmentation and melasma both appear as dark spots on the skin, they have different causes and often require different approaches to treatment. Understanding these differences can help you choose the most effective treatment and protect your skin from future discoloration.
What is Hyperpigmentation?
Hyperpigmentation occurs when the skin pigment cells, melanocytes, start overproducing pigment, creating dark spots. Hyperpigmentation is sometimes referred to as “sunspots”. While a big cause of hyperpigmentation is sun exposure, it can also be caused by hormones, medications, allergies, and autoimmune diseases.
Hyperpigmentation most commonly occurs in people with darker skin tones, however it can affect anyone, regardless of race or age. It looks like patches of brown, black, grey, red or pink on the skin, and is generally not painful or itchy.
Hyperpigmentation treatment
Some discoloration can fade over time, while others may require treatment. The first step to treating hyperpigmentation is to wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with 30 SPF or higher daily. Over the counter topical treatments such as vitamin C and azelaic acid brighten the skin, and retinoids increase cell turnover which helps fade existing spots. For deeper pigmentation, Tareen Dermatology offers chemical peels and lasers for treatment.
What is Melasma?
Melasma is a common skin condition that typically occurs as brown or grey patches on upper lips, cheeks, and forehead, but can affect any part of the skin that is exposed to the sun. It most commonly affects women. Melasma is mainly caused by hormonal changes, sun exposure, and even heat. Patches of melasma are not painful or itchy.
Melasma treatment
Broad-spectrum sunscreen is one of the most important parts of melasma prevention. Other treatments such as lightening creams, chemical peels, and lasers that break up pigment can be combined or used alone. At Tareen Dermatology, we will help find the correct treatment plan for you.
When to see a Dermatologist
If you have dark spots, stubborn discoloration, or uneven skin tone that isn’t getting better with over-the-counter products, our board-certified dermatology team can help find the cause and create a treatment plan made for you and your skin. Schedule a consultation today.
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